Clutch

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Clutches have been made to work in oil or in dry system. They are mainly composed by a drive component which is directly connected with the crankshaft, and a driven component with is connected with the gearbox main shaft. The gear of the sprocket on the crankshaft moves the drive disc which are contained in the clutch outer (bell).

The teeth of the friction clutch discs are positioned in the slots of the bell, the game between the slots and the teeth enables the discs to slide into the bell. The driven part of the clutch is generally composed by a hub which is connected to the primary shaft by a grooved outline. The driven discs are engaged on the teeth of the outer diameter of the hub.  Both teeth are made so that they can couple with game and allow the driven disc to slide on the hub.  The drive and driven discs are positioned one above the other, in an alternate way, and are pressed to each other by of springs housed in the pressure plate.  The torque that the clutch transmits is directly proportional to the load of the springs, the number of facing surfaces of the teeth and the average diameter of the discs.  The number of discs, the spring load and the average diameter of the discs depend by the maximum torque that the clutch must transmit.  The driver, by acting on clutch lever on the handlebar, during the engagement and disengagement of the clutch dispenses the force that compresses the discs between them and varies the torque capacity of the clutch from its maximum value down to zero.  The clutch control can be achieved mechanically or through a hydraulic system.  In the first case, the clutch control must be registered according to the wear of the clutch discs. Usually the clutch bell, the hub, the pressing plate of the clutch are made of aluminium. The drive discs are made of a steel or aluminium core, covered by the friction material.  The driven discs are usually made of steel. The friction material must have some special features: high friction coefficient which is constant according to the different use of the clutch, resistance to the high wear and temperature, low transmission coefficient of the heat, and it must not provoke grip on the surface of the driven discs.  The clutch system influences the drive safety and the performances of the bike.  When you choose a clutch, you have to consider the bike where you have to fit it. 

FITTING INSTRUCTIONS We always recommend contacting a specialized workshop to fit and unfit the clutch. The operation of fitting the clutch discs on a clutch is usually a simple operation, which takes few minutes and does not require difficult prior disassembling operations. You have to follow all the instruction and use the tools mentioned on the Workshop Manual of the motorcycle manufacturer to disassemble and assemble the new clutch discs in the engine clutch.  

As already said we recommend addressing to a specialized workshop to fit the clutch discs in the engine clutch. The incorrect fitting can cause problems to the safety drive and the excessive or unusual wear of the clutch discs and or inappropriate performances.  The surface of the driven clutch disc must always be in excellent condition, in case it is in poor condition (not flat, low thickness, worn teeth) can cause problems to the safety drive and the excessive or unusual wear of the discs.  We always suggest replacing the driven discs in case of excessive wear, slots or bad general condition.  If in the box of the clutch you have purchased, you find springs and or fixing washer you have to fit them following the instruction mentioned in the Workshop Manual. If you do not fit them, you can afford problems of safety and excessive or unusual wear of the clutch discs.  If the clutch springs and or the fixing washer are in bad condition, you have to replace them following with items approved by the manufacturer or that you find in clutch catalogue. If you do not replace the springs and or the fixing washer which are in bad condition, you can face problems with the safety drive and excessive or unusual wear of the discs.  To replace the clutch discs, you usually have to take out the clutch of the engine. While fitting the clutch you have to check the condition of each of the different components of the clutch and of the nut and the fixing washer of the hub, you have to close the fixing nut of the hub (tighten nut inner clutch hub at the tightening torques indicated in the Maintenance Manual).  If all those components are in bad condition and a wrong tightening can cause problems to the safety drive and to the performance of the clutch. Before fitting the new drive discs, in case of wet clutch, we suggest to soak them in clutch oil for at least 2 hours. Before fitting the Steel discs is important to remove and degrease the surface removing the protective fluid. After you have replaced the clutch discs, you usually have to drive in a manner so that you can couple the drive and driven discs between them.  If you do not make this time of running-in you can afford problems of unusual and/or excessive wear of the clutch discs. You always have to replace the clutch discs in the same time. A partial replacement can cause unusual and/or excessive wear of the clutch discs.  When you replace the clutch discs you may require the adjustment of the mechanical control system, or the control of the liquid level of the hydraulic system. If you do not adjust or check the liquid level, you can afford problems of safety and excessive or unusual wear of the clutch discs. The liquid of the hydraulic system must be replaced as indicated in the manual of the bike. If you use an expiry liquid, you can afford problems to the safety of the drive.  

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